What role do vitamins play in the body?

Vitamins play a crucial role in the body, primarily by acting as coenzymes in various metabolic processes. Coenzymes are organic molecules that assist enzymes in facilitating biochemical reactions, which are essential for metabolism. For instance, many B vitamins serve as coenzymes in energy production pathways, helping convert carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into usable energy forms. This interaction is vital for maintaining the body’s energy levels and supporting numerous physiological functions.

While vitamins can have a hand in DNA synthesis and may support structural integrity in certain contexts, their primary contribution lies in their role as coenzymes. Unlike macronutrients, they don’t serve as direct energy sources nor do they provide structural components like proteins or lipids do. Therefore, their function as coenzymes highlights their importance in catalyzing essential biochemical reactions necessary for life.