What is the primary function of enzymes in biological systems?

The primary function of enzymes in biological systems is to speed up chemical reactions. Enzymes act as catalysts, which means they lower the activation energy required for chemical reactions to occur. This allows reactions to proceed much faster than they would without the presence of enzymes. For example, in metabolic pathways, enzymes facilitate critical reactions, enabling cells to carry out complex processes efficiently and respond to changes in their environment.

The biochemical activity of enzymes allows organisms to maintain homeostasis and perform vital functions, such as digestion and cellular respiration, effectively and at rates that support life. Each enzyme is specific to a particular reaction or type of reaction, ensuring that cellular metabolism remains tightly regulated and efficient. Thus, the role of enzymes as catalysts is fundamental to all biological reactions.