What is a biodiversity hotspot?

A biodiversity hotspot refers to a biogeographic region that is characterized by an exceptionally high level of biodiversity, including many endemic species—those that are not found anywhere else in the world. Additionally, for a region to qualify as a biodiversity hotspot, it must also be experiencing significant threats due to human activities. This can include habitat destruction, climate change, pollution, and other factors that jeopardize the unique species and ecosystems present in that area.

The concept emphasizes the importance of conserving these regions not just for their own ecological integrity, but also because they contribute significantly to the Earth’s overall biodiversity and provide numerous ecosystem services essential for human survival. Therefore, the definition aligns perfectly with the criteria of having rich biodiversity coupled with a substantial threat from human influences, making it a critical target for conservation efforts.