What happens to blood glucose levels when the pancreas releases glucagon?

When the pancreas releases glucagon, blood glucose levels increase. Glucagon is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas, and its primary role is to raise blood glucose levels when they fall below normal.

When glucagon is secreted, it stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, a process known as glycogenolysis. This glucose is then released into the bloodstream, effectively elevating blood glucose levels. Additionally, glucagon can also promote gluconeogenesis, which is the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, further contributing to the rise in glucose levels.

This mechanism is crucial for maintaining homeostasis, especially during periods of fasting or between meals, when blood glucose levels are likely to drop. The release of glucagon acts as a counter-regulatory hormone to insulin, which is responsible for lowering blood glucose levels after meals.