What does gene modification refer to?

Gene modification specifically refers to the artificial transfer of genes between species. This process involves techniques such as recombinant DNA technology, where DNA from one organism is inserted into the genome of another, leading to the expression of specific traits or characteristics. This manipulation allows scientists to introduce desirable traits, enhance growth, improve resistance to diseases, or create organisms with entirely new properties, which is a hallmark of biotechnology.

The method is deliberate and involves human intervention, contrasting with natural occurrences such as mutations or evolutionary changes. Through gene modification, researchers can create genetically modified organisms (GMOs), which have applications in agriculture, medicine, and environmental conservation. These advancements can bring about significant improvements in crop yields, food security, and medical therapies.