What do active genes code for?

Active genes code for the production of proteins through a process known as gene expression. When a gene is activated, it is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which then serves as a template for assembling amino acids into a specific protein during translation. Proteins play crucial roles in various biological functions, including acting as enzymes, supporting cellular structure, and facilitating communication between cells.

While there are other types of biological molecules involved in cellular processes, such as lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids, it is specifically proteins that are directly synthesized as a result of gene activity. This highlights the pivotal role proteins play in determining the structure and function of cells and organisms.

Each of the other choices refers to different macromolecules that are not directly coded by active genes in the same way proteins are produced from gene expression.